Diabetes leads to the loss of sensation and circulation to the feet as the nerves lose the ability to conduct pain impulses back to the brain. This can prevent the feet from sensing irritation such as from ill-fitting shoes which over time can lead to ulceration. Patients who are diabetic should take extra notice of their feet and try to examine them each night before going to bed.

Signs to look for include any redness, abrasions, calluses or areas that feel warm. If any wounds do not heal, go and see your podiatrist who will give you a thorough check-up. Some factors which will help patients with diabetes reduce the risk of foot trauma include:

• The use of appropriate footwear.
• Low impact exercise such as walking or swimming.
• Maintaining a healthy body weight which will reduce excess pressure on the feet.
• Avoid exposing the feet to extreme temperatures of hot and cold and avoid the use of hot water bottles.
• Do not use chemicals to remove calluses or corns – these can overly irritate the skin of a diabetic foot.
• Examine feet regularly and observe any changes. If unable to see under your feet, the use of mirrors may help.

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